14605-22-2 | Tauroursodeoxycholic acid

Packsize	Purity	Availability	Price	Discounted Price
1g	95%	in stock	$17.00	$12.00
5g	95%	in stock	$47.00	$33.00
25g	95%	in stock	$169.00	$119.00
100g	95%	in stock	$615.00	$431.00

Description

• Catalog Number: AI36337
• Chemical Name: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid
• CAS Number: 14605-22-2
• Molecular Formula: C26H45NO6S
• Molecular Weight: 499.7036
• MDL Number: MFCD00069496
• SMILES: O[C@@H]1CC[C@]2([C@@H](C1)C[C@@H](C1C2CC[C@]2(C1CC[C@@H]2[C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(=O)(=O)O)C)C)O)C

Computed Properties

• Complexity: 858
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 10
• Heavy Atom Count: 34
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 4
• Rotatable Bond Count: 7
• XLogP3: 3.6

Literature

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid attenuates gentamicin-induced cochlear hair cell death in vitro.

  Toxicology letters 20180915

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

  British journal of pharmacology 20180201

• Activation of PPARα decreases bile acids in livers of female mice while maintaining bile flow and biliary bile acid excretion.

  Toxicology and applied pharmacology 20180101

• Baicalin protects AML-12 cells from lipotoxicity via the suppression of ER stress and TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

  Chemico-biological interactions 20171225

• An Intestinal Farnesoid X Receptor-Ceramide Signaling Axis Modulates Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Mice.

  Diabetes 20170301

• Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment protein 3 knockdown suppresses lung cancer through endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagy.

  Oncotarget 20161004

• Alterations in Enterohepatic Fgf15 Signaling and Changes in Bile Acid Composition Depend on Localization of Murine Intestinal Inflammation.

  Inflammatory bowel diseases 20161001

• Nicotine Directly Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Rat Placental Trophoblast Giant Cells.

  Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 20160501

• 2,4-dichlorophenol induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis via eIF2α dephosphorylation in vitro.

  Environmental toxicology 20160201

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in 2,4-dichlorophenol-induced hepatotoxicity.

  The Journal of toxicological sciences 20160101

• Quercetin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress to enhance cDDP cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer: involvement of STAT3 signaling.

  The FEBS journal 20150301

• Decreased bile-acid synthesis in livers of hepatocyte-conditional NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase-null mice results in increased bile acids in serum.

  The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 20141001

• 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 is involved in bile acid homeostasis by modulating fatty acid transport protein-5 in the liver of mice.

  Molecular metabolism 20140801

• Ursolic acid induces autophagy in U87MG cells via ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  Chemico-biological interactions 20140725

• SIRT7 represses Myc activity to suppress ER stress and prevent fatty liver disease.

  Cell reports 20131114

• The unfolded protein response and chemical chaperones reduce protein misfolding and colitis in mice.

  Gastroenterology 20130501

• Prenatal ethanol exposure causes glucose intolerance with increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and histone deacetylases in adult rat offspring: reversal by tauroursodeoxycholic acid.

  PloS one 20130101

• Ursodeoxycholic acid but not tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits proliferation and differentiation of human subcutaneous adipocytes.

  PloS one 20130101

• TGF-β-SMAD3 signaling mediates hepatic bile acid and phospholipid metabolism following lithocholic acid-induced liver injury.

  Journal of lipid research 20121201

• Monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein (MCPIP) promotes inflammatory angiogenesis via sequential induction of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

  Cellular signalling 20121101

• ER stress in the brain subfornical organ mediates angiotensin-dependent hypertension.

  The Journal of clinical investigation 20121101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid enhances the pre-implantation embryo development by reducing apoptosis in pigs.

  Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene 20121001

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents MPTP-induced dopaminergic cell death in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

  Molecular neurobiology 20121001

• Apolipoprotein E4 impairs macrophage efferocytosis and potentiates apoptosis by accelerating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20120810

• The nephroprotective effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology 20120701

• Reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress does not improve steatohepatitis in mice fed a methionine- and choline-deficient diet.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20120701

• A novel role for epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and its downstream endoplasmic reticulum stress in cardiac damage and microvascular dysfunction in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

  Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 20120701

• Chronic inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation prevents ischaemia-induced vascular pathology in type II diabetic mice.

  The Journal of pathology 20120601

• Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1a1 null mice are sensitive to cholestatic liver injury.

  Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 20120601

• Chemical chaperone TUDCA preserves cone photoreceptors in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis.

  Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120601

• Doxycycline plus tauroursodeoxycholic acid for transthyretin amyloidosis: a phase II study.

  Amyloid : the international journal of experimental and clinical investigation : the official journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis 20120601

• Ursodeoxycholate modulates bile flow and bile salt pool independently from the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (Cftr) in mice.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20120501

• Lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells results in two distinct outcomes: adaptation with enhanced insulin signaling or insulin resistance.

  Endocrinology 20120501

• Glucose-induced beta cell dysfunction in vivo in rats: link between oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  Diabetologia 20120501

• Celecoxib and tauro-ursodeoxycholic acid co-treatment inhibits cell growth in familial adenomatous polyposis derived LT97 colon adenoma cells.

  Experimental cell research 20120415

• Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress on porcine oocyte maturation and parthenogenetic embryonic development in vitro.

  Biology of reproduction 20120401

• Low glucose under hypoxic conditions induces unfolded protein response and produces reactive oxygen species in lens epithelial cells.

  Cell death & disease 20120401

• NASH is an Inflammatory Disorder: Pathogenic, Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications.

  Gut and liver 20120401

• Influenza A viral replication is blocked by inhibition of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) stress pathway.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20120210

• Oral solubilized ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomized cross-over trial.

  Journal of Korean medical science 20120201

• Inflammatory cause of metabolic syndrome via brain stress and NF-κB.

  Aging 20120201

• Autophagy regulates inflammation in adipocytes.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20120106

• Reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress using chemical chaperones or Grp78 overexpression does not protect muscle cells from palmitate-induced insulin resistance.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20120106

• Conjugated bile acids activate the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 in primary rodent hepatocytes.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20120101

• c-Jun regulates the stability of anti-apoptotic ΔNp63 in amyloid-β-induced apoptosis.

  Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20120101

• TUDCA slows retinal degeneration in two different mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa and prevents obesity in Bardet-Biedl syndrome type 1 mice.

  Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20120101

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress and diabetic cardiomyopathy.

  Experimental diabetes research 20120101

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

  Biochemistry research international 20120101

• Localization status of hepatocellular transporters in cholestasis.

  Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) 20120101

• Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents selenite-induced oxidative stress and alleviates cataract formation: In vitro and in vivo studies.

  Molecular vision 20120101

• The role of glucosamine-induced ER stress in diabetic atherogenesis.

  Experimental diabetes research 20120101

• Growth hormone secretagogues protect mouse cardiomyocytes from in vitro ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulation of intracellular calcium.

  PloS one 20120101

• Regulation of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression by PPARγ in adipocytes and macrophages.

  PloS one 20120101

• Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Ischemic-Type Biliary Lesions following Liver Transplantation.

  Journal of transplantation 20120101

• Refined Qingkailing Protects MCAO Mice from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis with a Broad Time Window.

  Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20120101

• Amelioration of glucolipotoxicity-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress by a 'chemical chaperone' in human THP-1 monocytes.

  Experimental diabetes research 20120101

• The evolving landscape of neurotoxicity by unconjugated bilirubin: role of glial cells and inflammation.

  Frontiers in pharmacology 20120101

• Molecular intricacies and the role of ER stress in diabetes.

  Experimental diabetes research 20120101

• MCP-1 induced protein promotes adipogenesis via oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

  Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 20120101

• Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress improves mouse embryo development.

  PloS one 20120101

• Poly(A) tail length of neurohypophysial hormones is shortened under endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  Endocrinology 20111201

• Neuronal loss in the rostral ventromedial medulla in a rat model of neuropathic pain.

  The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 20111123

• Functional implications of lethal toxin-catalysed glucosylation of (H/K/N)Ras and Rac1 in Clostridium sordellii-associated disease.

  European journal of cell biology 20111101

• Activation of Akt rescues endoplasmic reticulum stress-impaired murine cardiac contractile function via glycogen synthase kinase-3β-mediated suppression of mitochondrial permeation pore opening.

  Antioxidants & redox signaling 20111101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress, acinar cell damage, and systemic inflammation in acute pancreatitis.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20111101

• Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA) inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by suppression of ERK via PKCα-mediated MKP-1 induction.

  Cardiovascular research 20111101

• Hepatic nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF1alpha) dysfunction down-regulates X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) and sensitizes beta-cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20110916

• Cholesterol-derived bile acids enhance the chaperone activity of α-crystallins.

  Cell stress & chaperones 20110901

• Functional analysis of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2).

  Pharmacogenetics and genomics 20110801

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents retinal degeneration in transgenic P23H rats.

  Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20110701

• A new model for portal protein profile analysis in course of ileal intraluminal bile acid infusion using an in situ perfused rat intestine.

  Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) 20110701

• Gene-activation mechanisms in the regression of atherosclerosis, elimination of diabetes type 2, and prevention of dementia.

  Current molecular medicine 20110701

• Structure-function analysis of the tertiary bile acid TUDCA for the resolution of endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal epithelial cells.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20110617

• FFA-induced adipocyte inflammation and insulin resistance: involvement of ER stress and IKKβ pathways.

  Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20110301

• Sodium phenylbutyrate, a drug with known capacity to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress, partially alleviates lipid-induced insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in humans.

  Diabetes 20110301

• The chemical chaperones tauroursodeoxycholic and 4-phenylbutyric acid accelerate thyroid hormone activation and energy expenditure.

  FEBS letters 20110204

• Unsaturated FAs prevent palmitate-induced LOX-1 induction via inhibition of ER stress in macrophages.

  Journal of lipid research 20110201

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress is a mediator of posttransplant injury in severely steatotic liver allografts.

  Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 20110201

• Differentiation of various traditional Chinese medicines derived from animal bile and gallstone: simultaneous determination of bile acids by liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

  Journal of chromatography. A 20110107

• Endoplasmic reticulum chaperon tauroursodeoxycholic acid alleviates obesity-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction.

  Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 20110101

• Constituents of bile, bilirubin and TUDCA, protect against oxidative stress-induced retinal degeneration.

  Journal of neurochemistry 20110101

• Effects of a multi-herbal extract on type 2 diabetes.

  Chinese medicine 20110101

• [Evaluation on hepatotoxicity caused by Dioscorea bulbifera based on analysis of bile acids].

  Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica 20110101

• Amyloid-β peptide-induced secretion of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone glycoprotein GRP94.

  Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20110101

• Profiling circulating and urinary bile acids in patients with biliary obstruction before and after biliary stenting.

  PloS one 20110101

• Situs inversus totalis and secondary biliary cirrhosis: a case report.

  Comparative hepatology 20110101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) protects photoreceptors from cell death after experimental retinal detachment.

  PloS one 20110101

• Ursodeoxycholic acid is conjugated with taurine to promote secretin-stimulated biliary hydrocholeresis in the normal rat.

  PloS one 20110101

• Cardiac-specific overexpression of catalase attenuates paraquat-induced myocardial geometric and contractile alteration: role of ER stress.

  Free radical biology & medicine 20101215

• Tauroursodeoxycholate counteracts hepatocellular lysis induced by tensioactive bile salts by preventing plasma membrane-micelle transition.

  Chemico-biological interactions 20101205

• Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110γ contributes to bile salt-induced apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes and human hepatoma cells.

  Journal of hepatology 20101101

• DsbA-L alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced adiponectin downregulation.

  Diabetes 20101101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress, trypsin activation, and acinar cell apoptosis while increasing secretion in rat pancreatic acini.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20101001

• [Chemical constituents of bear bile].

  Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 20100901

• Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid may improve liver and muscle but not adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in obese men and women.

  Diabetes 20100801

• Biliary secretion of S-nitrosoglutathione is involved in the hypercholeresis induced by ursodeoxycholic acid in the normal rat.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20100801

• IL-6 and IL-10 anti-inflammatory activity links exercise to hypothalamic insulin and leptin sensitivity through IKKbeta and ER stress inhibition.

  PLoS biology 20100801

• Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA), chemical chaperone, enhances function of islets by reducing ER stress.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20100709

• Regulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 by calcium signaling in mouse liver.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20100701

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition protects steatotic and non-steatotic livers in partial hepatectomy under ischemia-reperfusion.

  Cell death & disease 20100701

• Ursodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid suppress choroidal neovascularization in a laser-treated rat model.

  Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20100601

• Inflammation and insulin resistance: an old story with new ideas.

  Korean diabetes journal 20100601

• Regulation of bile acid synthesis by fat-soluble vitamins A and D.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20100507

• Glucosamine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress affects GLUT4 expression via activating transcription factor 6 in rat and human skeletal muscle cells.

  Diabetologia 20100501

• Ursodeoxycholic acid switches oxaliplatin-induced necrosis to apoptosis by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production and activating p53-caspase 8 pathway in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma.

  International journal of cancer 20100401

• Reduction of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha2 increases endoplasmic reticulum stress and atherosclerosis in vivo.

  Circulation 20100216

• Cardiac overexpression of metallothionein rescues cardiac contractile dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress but not autophagy in sepsis.

  Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 20100201

• Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis during induced cholestasis ameliorates hepatocellular injury by facilitating S-nitrosothiol homeostasis.

  Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 20100101

• Grp78 heterozygosity promotes adaptive unfolded protein response and attenuates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.

  Diabetes 20100101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid attenuates lipid accumulation in endoplasmic reticulum-stressed macrophages.

  Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology 20100101

• Cellular stress responses: cell survival and cell death.

  International journal of cell biology 20100101

• Synergy of combined doxycycline/TUDCA treatment in lowering Transthyretin deposition and associated biomarkers: studies in FAP mouse models.

  Journal of translational medicine 20100101

• Modulation of amyloid-β peptide-induced toxicity through inhibition of JNK nuclear localization and caspase-2 activation.

  Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20100101

• Apoptosis-associated microRNAs are modulated in mouse, rat and human neural differentiation.

  BMC genomics 20100101

• Changes in hepatic gene expression upon oral administration of taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid in ob/ob mice.

  PloS one 20100101

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic hearts abolishes erythropoietin-induced myocardial protection by impairment of phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3beta-mediated suppression of mitochondrial permeability transition.

  Diabetes 20091201

• Prevention of Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin-induced apoptotic cell death by tauroursodeoxycholic acid.

  Biochemistry 20090929

• Autophagy-mediated insulin receptor down-regulation contributes to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced insulin resistance.

  Molecular pharmacology 20090901

• Primary biliary cirrhosis.

  Seminars in immunopathology 20090901

• Bile acid-induced epidermal growth factor receptor activation in quiescent rat hepatic stellate cells can trigger both proliferation and apoptosis.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20090814

• Metallothionein alleviates oxidative stress-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and myocardial dysfunction.

  Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology 20090801

• Apoptosis and modulation of cell cycle control by bile acids in human leukemia T cells.

  Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 20090801

• Serum bile acid profiling reflects enterohepatic detoxification state and intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease.

  World journal of gastroenterology 20090707

• Effect of SLCO1B1 polymorphism on the plasma concentrations of bile acids and bile acid synthesis marker in humans.

  Pharmacogenetics and genomics 20090601

• Killing of rat basophilic leukemia cells by lethal toxin from Clostridium sordellii: critical role of phosphatidylinositide 3'-OH kinase/Akt signaling.

  Biochemistry 20090303

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents E22Q Alzheimer's Abeta toxicity in human cerebral endothelial cells.

  Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 20090301

• Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays a central role in development of leptin resistance.

  Cell metabolism 20090107

• Effect of guggulsterone and cembranoids of Commiphora mukul on pancreatic phospholipase A(2): role in hypocholesterolemia.

  Journal of natural products 20090101

• Bear bile: dilemma of traditional medicinal use and animal protection.

  Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine 20090101

• Ursodeoxycholic acid prevents apoptosis of mouse sensory neurons induced by cisplatin by reducing P53 accumulation.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20081226

• Dynamic localization of hepatocellular transporters in health and disease.

  World journal of gastroenterology 20081128

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid exerts anticholestatic effects by a cooperative cPKC alpha-/PKA-dependent mechanism in rat liver.

  Gut 20081001

• Anti-apoptotic treatment reduces transthyretin deposition in a transgenic mouse model of Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy.

  Biochimica et biophysica acta 20080901

• TUDCA prevents cholestasis and canalicular damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat, modulating PKCalpha-ezrin pathway.

  Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation 20080801

• Cytoprotective effect of tauroursodeoxycholate on hepatocyte apoptosis induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand.

  Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 20080701

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid: relieving the pathogenesis of HFE C282Y hereditary hemochromatosis.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20080701

• Cytosol-nucleus traffic and colocalization with FXR of conjugated bile acids in rat hepatocytes.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20080701

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid and secondary damage after spinal cord injury in rats.

  Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 20080601

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid preservation of photoreceptor structure and function in the rd10 mouse through postnatal day 30.

  Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20080501

• Novel potent and selective bile acid derivatives as TGR5 agonists: biological screening, structure-activity relationships, and molecular modeling studies.

  Journal of medicinal chemistry 20080327

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces bile acid-induced apoptosis by modulation of AP-1.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20080227

• ER and oxidative stresses are common mediators of apoptosis in both neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders and are alleviated by chemical chaperones.

  Human molecular genetics 20080215

• BAX inhibitor-1 modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated programmed cell death in Arabidopsis.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20080208

• Bile acids and apoptosis modulation: an emerging role in experimental Alzheimer's disease.

  Trends in molecular medicine 20080201

• Estimation of cholesterol solubilization by a mixed micelle binding model in aqueous tauroursodeoxycholate:lecithin:cholesterol solutions.

  Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 20080101

• Taurolithocholic acid-3 sulfate impairs insulin signaling in cultured rat hepatocytes and perfused rat liver.

  Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 20080101

• Apoptosis in transgenic mice expressing the P301L mutated form of human tau.

  Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 20080101

• Effect of taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid on endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products in cultured mouse podocytes.

  American journal of nephrology 20080101

• Taurine suppresses the spread of cell death in electrically coupled RPE cells.

  Molecular vision 20080101

• p53 is a key molecular target of ursodeoxycholic acid in regulating apoptosis.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20071123

• Conditional intestinal lipotoxicity in Apobec-1-/- Mttp-IKO mice: a survival advantage for mammalian intestinal apolipoprotein B mRNA editing.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20071109

• Chemical chaperones reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress and prevent mutant HFE aggregate formation.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20070921

• Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Adipocyte stress: the endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic disease.

  Journal of lipid research 20070901

• Cellular osmolytes reduce lens epithelial cell death and alleviate cataract formation in galactosemic rats.

  Molecular vision 20070810

• Defects in the leptin axis reduce abundance of the ABCG5-ABCG8 sterol transporter in liver.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20070803

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inhibits apoptosis induced by Z alpha-1 antitrypsin via inhibition of Bad.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20070801

• Differential regulation of cyclin D1 and cell death by bile acids in primary rat hepatocytes.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20070701

• Parallel intestinal and liver injury during early cholestasis in the rat: modulation by bile salts and antioxidants.

  Free radical biology & medicine 20070501

• A new oral formulation for the release of sodium butyrate in the ileo-cecal region and colon.

  World journal of gastroenterology 20070221

• Human multidrug resistance protein 2 transports the therapeutic bile salt tauroursodeoxycholate.

  The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 20070201

• Administration of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) reduces apoptosis following myocardial infarction in rat.

  The American journal of Chinese medicine 20070101

• Prolactin stimulates the proliferation of normal female cholangiocytes by differential regulation of Ca2+-dependent PKC isoforms.

  BMC physiology 20070101

• Expression of hereditary hemochromatosis C282Y HFE protein in HEK293 cells activates specific endoplasmic reticulum stress responses.

  BMC cell biology 20070101

• Honokiol induces calpain-mediated glucose-regulated protein-94 cleavage and apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells and reduces tumor growth.

  PloS one 20070101

• Bile acid analysis in biliary tract cancer.

  Yonsei medical journal 20061231

• Tool from ancient pharmacopoeia prevents vision loss.

  Molecular vision 20061229

• Therapeutic Strategies in Huntington's Disease.

  Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) 20061201

• [Experimental study of the permeability of Fel Ursi's in eye].

  [Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology 20061101

• Functional modulation of nuclear steroid receptors by tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces amyloid beta-peptide-induced apoptosis.

  Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 20061001

• Abcg5/Abcg8-independent pathways contribute to hepatobiliary cholesterol secretion in mice.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20060901

• The mechanism of ABCG5/ABCG8 in biliary cholesterol secretion in mice.

  Journal of lipid research 20060901

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid modulates p53-mediated apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease mutant neuroblastoma cells.

  Journal of neurochemistry 20060901

• Chemical chaperones reduce ER stress and restore glucose homeostasis in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.

  Science (New York, N.Y.) 20060825

• Characterization of fasted-state human intestinal fluids collected from duodenum and jejunum.

  The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 20060801

• [Modulation of colon cancer cell invasiveness induced by deoxycholic acid].

  The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi 20060701

• Galactosamine prevents ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis.

  Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 20060601

• Binding studies of bile acids using the native fluorescence of the tryptophan residue Of Bax protein.

  Bioscience reports 20060601

• Cholesterol crystals enhance and phospholipids protect against pancreatitis induced by hydrophobic bile salts: a rat model study.

  Pancreas 20060501

• Indomethacin enhances bile salt detergent activity: relevance for NSAIDs-induced gastrointestinal mucosal injury.

  Digestive diseases and sciences 20060401

• Bile acid transport and metabolism in rat liver slices.

  Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie 20060301

• c-Met responsiveness of isolated hepatocytes evaluated in an in vitro de-differentiation model.

  International journal of molecular medicine 20060301

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inserts the bile salt export pump into canalicular membranes of cholestatic rat liver.

  Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 20060201

• Ca2+-dependent cytoprotective effects of ursodeoxycholic and tauroursodeoxycholic acid on the biliary epithelium in a rat model of cholestasis and loss of bile ducts.

  The American journal of pathology 20060201

• Preincubation of rat and human hepatocytes with cytoprotectants prior to cryopreservation can improve viability and function upon thawing.

  Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 20060101

• Uptake of ursodeoxycholate and its conjugates by human hepatocytes: role of Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 (OATP-C), and oatp1B3 (OATP8).

  Molecular pharmaceutics 20060101

• Lack of interaction between tauroursodeoxycholate and ATP-binding cassette transporter isoform G2 (ABCG2).

  Molecular pharmaceutics 20060101

• Resistance to ursodeoxycholic acid-induced growth arrest can also result in resistance to deoxycholic acid-induced apoptosis and increased tumorgenicity.

  BMC cancer 20060101

• Similar patterns of mitochondrial vulnerability and rescue induced by genetic modification of alpha-synuclein, parkin, and DJ-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20051230

• Preincubation of rat and human hepatocytes with cytoprotectants prior to cryopreservation can improve viability and function upon thawing.

  Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society 20051201

• Conjugated bile acids promote ERK1/2 and AKT activation via a pertussis toxin-sensitive mechanism in murine and human hepatocytes.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20051201

• 1H and 13C NMR characterization and stereochemical assignments of bile acids in aqueous media.

  Lipids 20051001

• Human hepatic mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species and undergo the permeability transition in response to hydrophobic bile acids.

  Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 20050801

• Bile acids for liver-transplanted patients.

  The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 20050720

• Prevention of Mrp2 activity impairment in ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis by ursodeoxycholate in the rat.

  Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 20050701

• Activation of CREB by tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects cholangiocytes from apoptosis induced by mTOR inhibition.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20050601

• Interferon-alpha-induced modulation of glucocorticoid and serotonin receptors as a mechanism of depression.

  Journal of hepatology 20050601

• A distinct microarray gene expression profile in primary rat hepatocytes incubated with ursodeoxycholic acid.

  Journal of hepatology 20050601

• Bile duct proliferation associated with bile salt-induced hypercholeresis in Mdr2 P-glycoprotein-deficient mice.

  Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver 20050601

• Biliary excretion of olmesartan, an anigotensin II receptor antagonist, in the rat.

  Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 20050501

• Gap junctional intercellular communication is not needed for the anticholestatic effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in mouse liver.

  Journal of hepatology 20050401

• A nuclear receptor ligand down-regulates cytosolic phospholipase A2 expression to reduce bile acid-induced cyclooxygenase 2 activity in cholangiocytes: implications of anticarcinogenic action of farnesoid X receptor agonists.

  Digestive diseases and sciences 20050301

• Mechanisms involved in spironolactone-induced choleresis in the rat. Role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2.

  Biochemical pharmacology 20050201

• Vectorial transport of bile salts across MDCK cells expressing both rat Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide and rat bile salt export pump.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20050101

• Sustaining a bioartificial liver under hypothermic conditions.

  Tissue engineering 20050101

• Inhibition of MRP1-mediated efflux in human erythrocytes by mono-anionic bile salts.

  Anticancer research 20050101

• Hypothermic maintenance of hepatocyte spheroids.

  Cell transplantation 20050101

• Ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits endothelin-1 production in human vascular endothelial cells.

  European journal of pharmacology 20041128

• The bile acid tauroursodeoxycholic acid modulates phosphorylation and translocation of bad via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in glutamate-induced apoptosis of rat cortical neurons.

  The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 20041101

• Biliary excretion of bile acids and organic anions in rats with dichloroethylene-induced bile canalicular injury.

  Journal of gastroenterology 20041001

• Effects of colchicine on the maximum biliary excretion of cholephilic compounds in rats.

  Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 20040901

• Inhibition of the E2F-1/p53/Bax pathway by tauroursodeoxycholic acid in amyloid beta-peptide-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells.

  Journal of neurochemistry 20040801

• Conjugation with taurine prevents side-chain desaturation of ursodeoxycholic and beta-muricholic acids in bile fistula rats.

  Fundamental & clinical pharmacology 20040801

• Modulation of nuclear steroid receptors by ursodeoxycholic acid inhibits TGF-beta1-induced E2F-1/p53-mediated apoptosis of rat hepatocytes.

  Biochemistry 20040706

• Tauroursodeoxycholate inhibits human cholangiocarcinoma growth via Ca2+-, PKC-, and MAPK-dependent pathways.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20040601

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects rat hepatocytes from bile acid-induced apoptosis via activation of survival pathways.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20040601

• Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in combined bile acid-induced cytotoxicity: the switch between apoptosis and necrosis.

  Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 20040501

• What doesn't kill you makes you stronger: how hepatocytes survive prolonged cholestasis.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20040401

• [Deoxycholic acid-induced signal transduction in HT-29 cells: role of NF-kappa B and interleukin-8].

  The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi 20040301

• Toxicity of ethanol and acetaldehyde in hepatocytes treated with ursodeoxycholic or tauroursodeoxycholic acid.

  Biochimica et biophysica acta 20040202

• Trafficking of the bile salt export pump from the Golgi to the canalicular membrane is regulated by the p38 MAP kinase.

  Gastroenterology 20040201

• Regulation of synthesis and trafficking of canalicular transporters and its alteration in acquired hepatocellular cholestasis. Experimental therapeutic strategies for its prevention.

  Current medicinal chemistry 20040201

• A mouse model of sitosterolemia: absence of Abcg8/sterolin-2 results in failure to secrete biliary cholesterol.

  BMC medicine 20040101

• High-performance liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric method for the determination of ursodeoxycholic acid and its glycine and taurine conjugates in human plasma.

  Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 20031225

• Hepatoprotection by the farnesoid X receptor agonist GW4064 in rat models of intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis.

  The Journal of clinical investigation 20031201

• Unique inhibition of bile salt-induced apoptosis by lecithins and cytoprotective bile salts in immortalized mouse cholangiocytes.

  Digestive diseases and sciences 20031201

• Substrate specificities of rat oatp1 and ntcp: implications for hepatic organic anion uptake.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20031101

• Bile salt-induced hepatocyte apoptosis involves epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent CD95 tyrosine phosphorylation.

  Gastroenterology 20030901

• Resistance of rat hepatocytes against bile acid-induced apoptosis in cholestatic liver injury is due to nuclear factor-kappa B activation.

  Journal of hepatology 20030801

• Cotransport of reduced glutathione with bile salts by MRP4 (ABCC4) localized to the basolateral hepatocyte membrane.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20030801

• Ursodeoxycholate reduces ethinylestradiol glucuronidation in the rat: role in prevention of estrogen-induced cholestasis.

  The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 20030701

• Taurolithocholic acid exerts cholestatic effects via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent mechanisms in perfused rat livers and rat hepatocyte couplets.

  The Journal of biological chemistry 20030516

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces apoptosis and protects against neurological injury after acute hemorrhagic stroke in rats.

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20030513

• Inhibition of ileal bile acid absorption by colestimide.

  Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 20030501

• Involvement of integrins and Src in tauroursodeoxycholate-induced and swelling-induced choleresis.

  Gastroenterology 20030501

• [Effect of Tauroursodeoxycholic acid on cytochrome C-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells].

  Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology 20030501

• 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde: a potential target for neuroprotective therapy in Parkinson's disease.

  Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders 20030401

• Inhibitory effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on the induction of nitric oxide synthase in vascular smooth muscle cells.

  European journal of pharmacology 20030319

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents Bax-induced membrane perturbation and cytochrome C release in isolated mitochondria.

  Biochemistry 20030318

• Effects of bile acids on biliary epithelial cells: proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine secretion.

  Life sciences 20030207

• Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)-mediated regulation of multidrug resistance 2 (Mdr2) expression and function in mice.

  The Biochemical journal 20030201

• Bile salts potentiate adenylyl cyclase activity and cAMP-regulated secretion in human gallbladder epithelium.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20030201

• Taurohyodeoxycholate- and tauroursodeoxycholate-induced hypercholeresis is augmented in bile duct ligated rats.

  Journal of hepatology 20030201

• Hydrophilic bile salts have a cytoprotective effect against cyclosporine A-induced cholestasis through enhanced canalicular membrane fluidity and transporter activity.

  Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology 20030101

• Bile acids for viral hepatitis.

  The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 20030101

• Urinary excretion of bile acids in bile duct-ligated rats.

  Journal of gastroenterology 20030101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid prevents amyloid-beta peptide-induced neuronal death via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathway.

  Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 20030101

• Functional expression of the canalicular bile salt export pump of human liver.

  Gastroenterology 20021101

• Effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-12 activation.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20020901

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in the prevention of total parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease.

  The Journal of pediatrics 20020801

• Effects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic bile salt mixtures on cholesterol crystallization in model biles.

  Biochimica et biophysica acta 20020711

• Effects of bile acids on the muscle functions of guinea pig gallbladder.

  American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 20020701

• Hepatoprotection with tauroursodeoxycholate and beta muricholate against taurolithocholate induced cholestasis: involvement of signal transduction pathways.

  Gut 20020701

• Ursodeoxycholic acid diminishes Fas-ligand-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20020701

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid reduces damaging effects of taurodeoxycholic acid on fundus gastric mucosa.

  Archives of physiology and biochemistry 20020701

• Regulation of oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20020601

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid mobilizes alpha-PKC after uptake in human HepG2 hepatoma cells.

  European journal of clinical investigation 20020601

• Effects of high taurocholate load on activities of hepatic alcohol metabolizing enzymes.

  Experimental & molecular medicine 20020531

• Ursodeoxycholate and tauroursodeoxycholate inhibit cholangiocyte growth and secretion of BDL rats through activation of PKC alpha.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20020501

• Taurolithocholic acid-3 sulfate induces CD95 trafficking and apoptosis in a c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent manner.

  Gastroenterology 20020501

• Dapsone-induced cholestasis and impairment of bile salt output in the rat.

  Biochemical pharmacology 20020415

• Neuroprotection by a bile acid in an acute stroke model in the rat.

  Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 20020401

• Comparative cytotoxic and cytoprotective effects of taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in HepG2 cell line.

  Biochimica et biophysica acta 20020130

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid improves the survival and function of nigral transplants in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

  Cell transplantation 20020101

• High metabolic function of primary human and porcine hepatocytes in a polyurethane foam/spheroid culture system in plasma from patients with fulminant hepatic failure.

  Cell transplantation 20020101

• Bile salt tauroursodeoxycholic acid modulation of Bax translocation to mitochondria protects the liver from warm ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat.

  Transplantation 20011215

• Bile-salt hydrophobicity is a key factor regulating rat liver plasma-membrane communication: relation to bilayer structure, fluidity and transporter expression and function.

  The Biochemical journal 20011101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects hepatocytes from ethanol-fed rats against tumor necrosis factor-induced cell death by replenishing mitochondrial glutathione.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20011101

• A bile acid protects against motor and cognitive deficits and reduces striatal degeneration in the 3-nitropropionic acid model of Huntington's disease.

  Experimental neurology 20011001

• Micronuclei induction, cell cycle delay and apoptosis as markers of cellular stress caused by ursodeoxycholic acid in human lymphocytes.

  Mutation research 20010822

• Stimulation of ATP secretion in the liver by therapeutic bile acids.

  The Biochemical journal 20010815

• Beneficial effects of silymarin on estrogen-induced cholestasis in the rat: a study in vivo and in isolated hepatocyte couplets.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20010801

• Cholesterol crystallization in model biles: effects of bile salt and phospholipid species composition.

  Journal of lipid research 20010801

• Tauroursodesoxycholate-induced choleresis involves p38(MAPK) activation and translocation of the bile salt export pump in rats.

  Gastroenterology 20010801

• Effect of sodium tauroursodeoxycholate on phalloidin-induced cholestasis in rats.

  European journal of pharmacology 20010601

• Effect of bile acids on the proliferative activity and apoptosis of rat hepatocytes.

  Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie 20010601

• Protective role of tauroursodeoxycholate during harvesting and cold storage of human liver: a pilot study in transplant recipients.

  Transplantation 20010515

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid for the cytoprotection of liver grafts during cold storage: a new aspect of its anti-apoptotic properties?

  Transplantation 20010515

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inserts the apical conjugate export pump, Mrp2, into canalicular membranes and stimulates organic anion secretion by protein kinase C-dependent mechanisms in cholestatic rat liver.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20010501

• Hydrophilic bile salts enhance differential distribution of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine between micellar and vesicular phases: potential implications for their effects in vivo.

  Journal of hepatology 20010401

• Cellular distribution of thrombomodulin as an early marker for warm ischemic liver injury in porcine liver transplantation: protective effect of prostaglandin I2 analogue and tauroursodeoxycholic acid.

  Transplantation 20010327

• Bile acid transport and regulating functions in the human biliary epithelium.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 20010301

• Amyloid beta-peptide disrupts mitochondrial membrane lipid and protein structure: protective role of tauroursodeoxycholate.

  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 20010223

• Effect of tauroursodeoxycholate and S-adenosyl-L-methionine on 17beta-estradiol glucuronide-induced cholestasis.

  Journal of hepatology 20010201

• [Effects of bile acid preparations on DNA biosynthesis, apoptosis, and necrosis in hepatocytes in vitro].

  Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii 20010101

• [Modulation by tauroursodeoxycholic acid of proliferation of the rat ischemic liver hepatocytes].

  Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii 20010101

• Tauroursodeoxycholic acid partially prevents apoptosis induced by 3-nitropropionic acid: evidence for a mitochondrial pathway independent of the permeability transition.

  Journal of neurochemistry 20001201

• Substrate specificity of the rat liver Na(+)-bile salt cotransporter in Xenopus laevis oocytes and in CHO cells.

  The American journal of physiology 19980201

• Expression and transport properties of the human ileal and renal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter.

  The American journal of physiology 19980101

• Substrate specificity of sinusoidal bile acid and organic anion uptake systems in rat and human liver.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 19971201

• Improvement of estradiol-17 beta-D-glucuronide-induced cholestasis by sodium tauroursodeoxycholate therapy in rats.

  Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 19970901

• Differential effects between tauroursodeoxycholic and taurochenodeoxycholic acids in hepatic fibrosis: an assessment by primary cultured Ito and Kupffer cells from the rat liver.

  Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 19960501

• Therapeutic index of taurocholate or tauroursodeoxycholate in experimental drug-induced cholestasis.

  The Italian journal of gastroenterology 19950101

• Estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide-induced cholestasis. Effects of ursodeoxycholate-3-O-glucuronide and 3,7-disulfate.

  Journal of hepatology 19930201

• Effects of bile salt infusion on chlorpromazine-induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver.

  Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.) 19920101

• Drug-induced cholestasis in the perfused rat liver and its reversal by tauroursodeoxycholate: an ultrastructural study.

  Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.) 19920101

• Effects of bile salt supplementation on biliary secretion in estrogen-treated rats.

  The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 19900801

• Estradiol-17 beta-D-glucuronide (E-17G) cholestasis in perfused rat liver: fate of E-17G and choleretic responses to bile salts.

  Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 19900501